Sectioning
Explains the rights that you have if you are sectioned and detained in hospital under the Mental Health Act 1983.
View this information as a PDF (new window)
The UK Government is changing the Mental Health Act.
How am I assessed?
Before you can be lawfully sectioned, a team of health professionals will be sent out to assess you. This may happen at home or in hospital, or in a place of safety.
When they arrive, the AMHP should explain who they are and why you are being assessed. They should also carry some identification so you know who they are.
The approved mental health professional will interview you
The AMHP will then interview you so that they can decide if keeping you in hospital is the best way of providing the care and treatment you need. The two doctors must also agree with this.
The doctors will assess you
The doctors may ask to examine you physically, as well as assessing your mental health. This may happen on the same day as the AMHP assessment, or on a different day, but it should happen within a few days. The two doctors may also have to examine you at different times.
The decision of whether to section you will be made
The AMHP will decide whether to go ahead with the application to section you, and give you reasons for the decision. They should also tell this to:
- your nearest relative
- the doctors who have assessed you
- your care coordinator, if you have one
- your GP, if they were not involved in the assessment.
For most sections this must take place within 14 days, but if you are put on a section 4, you must be admitted within 24 hours.
There will not always be a gap between assessment and admission. If a suitable bed is available, you may be admitted very soon after assessment. What happens in the interval depends on where you are and your circumstances when you are assessed. The AMHP should explain what will happen.
The doctors who assess you will generally be responsible for finding you a place in a suitable hospital.
If the decision is to take you to hospital
- You will be taken there as soon as possible after your assessment. This could be immediately after your assessment, or at some later time.
- The AMHP should have already made arrangements for the immediate care of any children or anyone else you are caring for. The same applies if you have any pets. Arrangements should also be made to make your home secure if no one is going to be there when you are taken to hospital.
- You should be able to take things you need for your time in hospital. They should have space on the ward for your possessions. They should have storage for things that you don’t need to keep with you.
- The hospital managers, or the officer they have appointed, will check your sectioning papers in hospital to see they have been filled in properly. Once this happens, you are lawfully detained in hospital.
What questions will I be asked?
During your assessment, you will be asked questions about:
- Your mental health and your general health. This includes how your mental health problem is making you feel, how you are coping with the symptoms and whether these make it difficult for you to look after yourself properly.
- If you are acting in a way that harms your health, such as self-harming or neglecting yourself.
- Your situation at home. This includes what support you have at home, whether you are coping with your daily routine and whether anyone else is relying on you for their care.
- Any medication you are on, including how you are getting on with it and whether you are taking it regularly.
The health professionals will also want to find out if:
- your health or safety is at risk because of your mental health. They will also consider whether other people may be at risk if your mental health gets worse.
What are my rights while I am being assessed?
- You can have someone present with you. You can ask for a friend, family member or advocate to be with you during your assessment. This may help to make sure your views are listened to.
- You can ask to speak to the AMHP alone, but they have the right to have another professional present.
- The Mental Health Act Code of Practice should be followed. The health professionals should follow the rules and guidance in the Mental Health Act Code of Practice. This says that all the facts relevant to you should be taken into consideration, and any possible alternatives to sectioning should be discussed with you (though in an emergency situation this may not be possible).
- The approved mental health professional doesn't have to follow the doctors' recommendations. Even if the AMHP has the doctors' recommendations to support the application to section you, they don't have to make the application. They can think about whether this would be the best way of getting you the care and treatment you need at the time.
- Your individual situation should be taken into consideration. The AMHP should consider your age, gender, social background and sexual orientation, and how any disability you may have affects the way the assessment needs to be carried out. For example, this might include thinking about whether you need a Sign Language interpreter to follow what is going on.
- You have the right to an interpreter. If your first language is not English and you need an interpreter, ask the AMHP to arrange this.
- You have the right to ask questions and express your views, but the Mental Health Act 1983 says that the health professionals do not always have to follow your views.
- You should be kept fully informed. The health professionals should keep you fully informed of what is happening, and should answer any specific questions you may have. Health information on your records can only be kept from you if it is likely to cause serious harm to you or someone else.
- You have the right to not answer questions. No one can force you to answer questions or to talk to the health professionals. But they can still make decisions about you, such as whether to section you, even if you decide not to answer.
Example
Emma decides not to tell the AMHP about her self-harming and that she has a mental health history and was treated for it in the past. She is afraid she is more likely to be sectioned if she does. The AMHP has to accept that Emma will not tell her, although he may try to find out some other way.
Emma can still be sectioned, even though she does not give the AMHP all the information he asks for.
Section
Being 'sectioned' means that you are kept in hospital under the Mental Health Act. There are different types of sections, each with different rules to keep you in hospital. The length of time that you can be kept in hospital depends on which section you are detained under.
See our pages on sectioning for more information.
Visit our full listing of Legal TermsApproved mental health professional (AMHP)
AMHPs are mental health professionals who have been approved by a local social services authority to carry out duties under the Mental Health Act. They are responsible for coordinating your assessment and admission to hospital if you are sectioned.
They may be:
- social workers
- nurses
- occupational therapists
- psychologists.
Mental Health Act 1983 (MHA)
This is a law that applies to England and Wales which allows people to be detained in hospital (sectioned) if they have a mental health disorder and need treatment. You can only be kept in hospital if certain conditions are met.
See our pages on the Mental Health Act for more information.
Visit our full listing of Legal TermsMental Health Act Code of Practice
This tells health professionals how they should follow the Mental Health Act. It is not law, so it cannot be enforced by going to court, but health professionals should follow it unless there is a good reason not to.
The Code covers some areas not specifically mentioned in the Mental Health Act, such as visiting rights and the use of seclusion.
If a health professional doesn’t follow the Code, you can make a complaint.
Visit our full listing of Legal TermsHospital managers (also known as Mental Health Act managers)
Hospital managers are an independent team of people in a hospital who make sure that the requirements of the Mental Health Act are properly applied. They have certain important responsibilities and can make decisions related to your detention.
In practice, most of the day-to-day decisions are taken by individuals authorised by the hospital managers to do so. This can include hospital staff. Decisions about discharge are normally delegated to a team of people who are independent of the hospital. You can apply to them to be discharged from your section and they will decide whether or not to discharge you.
Visit our full listing of Legal TermsNearest relative
The nearest relative is a family member who has certain responsibilities and powers if you are detained in hospital under the Mental Health Act. These include the right to information and to discharge in some situations.
The law sets out a list to decide who will be your nearest relative. This can sometimes be changed.
See our pages on the nearest relative for more information.
Visit our full listing of Legal TermsSection 12 approved doctor
This is a doctor trained and qualified in the use of the Mental Health Act, usually a psychiatrist. They may also be a responsible clinician, if the responsible clinician is a doctor.
Visit our full listing of Legal TermsRegistered medical practitioner
A qualified doctor, for example a GP or psychiatrist.
Visit our full listing of Legal TermsPlace of safety
This is a locally agreed place where the police may take you to be assessed. It's usually a hospital but can be your home. A police station should only be used in an emergency.
Visit our full listing of Legal TermsThis information was published in July 2020.
This page is currently under review. All content was accurate when published.
References are available on request. If you would like to reproduce any of this information, see our page on permissions and licensing.
